威达蓄电池自行放电的原因及预防

自行放电的原因及预防:

威达蓄电池在存放过程中，会或多或少地产生自行放电现象。正常的蓄电池，每存放1天，电能容量约损失1%～2%，即一个充足了电的蓄电池，贮存1个月，电能容量大约损失一半。  一、自行放电原因 1.蓄电池外部有搭铁或短路。当蓄电池引出导线与机体搭铁，或蓄电池壳体上有扳手、铁丝等导体将正负极连通，将会产生剧烈自行放电，很快将电能放完。另外，当蓄电池外壳、顶盖上有溅漏的电解液时，也可将正负极接线柱连通而放电。 2.蓄电极隔板腐蚀穿孔、损坏，或正、负极板下的沉积物过多，这时正、负极板便直接连通而短路，引起蓄电池内部自行放电。 3.电解液不纯，含有杂质，或添加的不是纯净水，这时电解液中的杂质随电解液的流动附着于极板上，各杂质之间形成一定的电位差，便会在蓄电池内部形成许多自成通路的微小电池，使蓄电池常处于短路状态。试验表明，电解液中若含有1%的铁，蓄电池充足电后会在24小时之内将电能全部放完。 4.蓄电池极板本身不纯，含杂质较多，也会形成许多微小电池而自行放电。 5.蓄电池存放过久，电解液中的水与硫酸，因比重不同而分层，使电解液密度上小下大，形成电位差而自行放电。 二、预防措施 1.加强保养，保持蓄电池上盖清洁。 2.保证电解液有较高的纯度，在配制电解液、添加蒸馏水时，都应严防杂质进入。 3.蓄电池在存放过程中应经常充电，使电解液密度保持均匀，并使液面不致下降。 4.冲洗蓄电池外表时应预防污水从加液口盖或通气孔处进入蓄电池内部。 5.隔板、极板损坏时应及时修复或更换。 6.更换电解液时，一定要将蓄电池内的残液清除干净。

Causes and prevention of self-discharge:

In the storage process, the battery will more or less produce self-discharge phenomenon. Normal battery, every 1 day storage, power capacity loss of about 1% to 2%, that is, a fully charged battery, stored for 1 month, power capacity loss of about half.  The cause of the self-discharge  1. The external of the battery is connected by an iron or short circuit. When the battery leading wire and the body of the iron, or the battery shell with a wrench, wire and other conductors will be connected to the positive and negative electrodes, will produce a violent self-discharge, quickly put the power. In addition, when there is a spilled electrolyte on the battery shell and top cover, the positive and negative terminals can also be connected and discharged.  2. The electrode storage separator is corroded, perforated, damaged, or there is too much sediment under the positive and negative plates, when the positive and negative plates are directly connected and short-circuited, causing the internal discharge of the battery.  3. The electrolyte is not pure, contains impurities, or is not added pure water, then the impurities in the electrolyte with the flow of the electrolyte attached to the plate, the formation of a certain potential difference between the impurities, will form a lot of small batteries in the battery path, so that the battery is often in a state of short circuit. The test shows that if the electrolyte contains 1% iron, the battery will be fully charged within 24 hours.  4. The battery plate itself is not pure, contains more impurities, will form many small batteries and self-discharge.  5. If the battery is stored for a long time, the water and sulfuric acid in the electrolyte are stratified due to the different specific gravity, so that the density of the electrolyte is small and large, forming a potential difference and self-discharge.  two preventive measures  1. strengthen maintenance, keep the battery cover clean.  2. Ensure that the electrolyte has a high purity. When preparing the electrolyte and adding distilled water, impurities should be strictly prevented from entering.  3. The battery should be charged frequently during storage to keep the density of the electrolyte uniform and keep the liquid level from falling. 4. When rinsing the outer surface of the battery, prevent sewage from entering the battery through the liquid charging port cover or air vent.  5. When the partition board or plate is damaged, it should be repaired or replaced in time.  6. Before replacing the electrolyte, clear the residual liquid in the battery.