ABB SC510 3BSE003832R1 输入模块

ABB SC510 3BSE003832R1  输入模块

为确保ICS能抵御今天的在线安全威胁，公司企业需采取足够的措施以创建有效工业安全项目并合理排定企业风险优先级。这听起来似乎是令人生畏的浩大工程，但健壮的多层安全方法可以分解为基本的3步：1)保护网络;2)保护终端;3)保护控制器。控制电路是给异步电动机供电（电压、频率可调）的主电路提供控制信号的回路，它有频率、电压的“运算电路”，主电路的“电压、电流检测电路”，电动机的“速度检测电路”，将运算电路的控制信号进行放大的“驱动电路”，以及逆变器和电动机的“保护电路”组成。将外部的速度、转矩等指令同检测电路的电流、电压信号进行比较运算，决定逆变器的输出电压、频率。

电动汽车中的空调系统必须完成多重任务，即确保乘客的热舒适性和调节电池。本文提出了四种基于模型的空调系统控制方法。比较了这两种方法跟踪期望参考值、抑制干扰和避免饱和效应的能力。

两种方法是反馈控制器、分散比例积分控制策略和集中线性二次积分控制策略。另外两种方法在两自由度控制结构中将反馈控制器与基于逆的前馈控制器相结合。此外，这四个概念由汉努斯条件抗饱和机制补充。

所提出的四个控制器中的三个明确地考虑了多输入多输出系统的耦合，这允许高性能的控制。此外，所有方法都具有基于受控系统的物理模型的优点。该物理模型的开发和识别是论文的一部分。

控制器的物理基础确保了高水平的可重用性，从而确保了高效的控制器设计过程。提出的控制概念通过测试平台的测量数据进行验证和比较。

ABB SC510 3BSE003832R1  输入模块

Programmable logic controller or PLC is ubiquitous in today's various processes and manufacturing industries. PLC was originally designed to replace electromechanical relay system in order to provide a simpler solution for modifying the operation of control system. Without reconnecting a large number of relays, you can change the control logic in a few seconds by downloading it quickly from a PC or a programming device. PLC is an industrial digital computer, which aims to perform control functions, especially suitable for industrial applications.

Today, most PLCs are modular, allowing users to add various functions, including discrete and analog input and output, PID control, position control, motor control, serial communication and high-speed network. Compared with older technologies such as relay group, PLC is easier to troubleshoot and maintain, more reliable, more cost-effective and more widely used. Modicon is the abbreviation of "modular digital controller", which is not only the name of the first PLC product invented in 1968, but also the brand that invented it, although it is now owned by Schneider Electric.

Although it may not look like a typical home computer, the core of PLC is exactly the same as the technology that most people see in computers and smart devices used in their daily lives.

The basic component PLC consists of several basic parts. They may look slightly different from each manufacturer, but the purpose and scope of each component are the same. It includes a power supply, a central processing unit (CPU), an input/output card, and a backplane or rack for placing the input/output (I/O) card. As shown in Figure 2, the backplane establishes electrical connections between all independent components, thus providing a modular design for PLC. This electrical connection includes a power supply and a communication signal. Many PLC manufacturers use proprietary communication protocols on the backplane so that I/O can communicate with CPU safely. Power Supply According to the application and installation environment, the power supply can accept 120VAC or 24VDC. As mentioned above, this voltage provides power for CPU and I/O modules through the backplane, and these modules appear in the form of "cards". These cards can be quickly added or removed from their slots in the carrier. It should be noted that the power supply of CPU does not supply power to field devices such as sensors and coils. This power connection must be established separately with the card.

Central processing unit (CPU)CPU is the actual "brain" of PLC, making it a computer. Even a small non-modular PLC contains a CPU. The input signal comes from I/O card, and the logic program makes decisions according to the signal. If necessary, the CPU then commands the output to turn on and off as the signals and conditions change. Programs may include advanced functions, such as mathematical operations, timing, counting and sharing information through modern network protocols. For older relay systems, many of these operations are extremely difficult, if not impossible.

I/O card sensors, buttons, switches, relays, solenoids and even network devices share information with I/O signals connected to screw terminals on I/O cards. These cards can be selected according to the needs of each machine and facility. In some small PLCs, I/O terminals are not modular cards, but are conveniently installed on the side of the PLC. Due to the variety of I/O equipment structures and the variety of discrete and analog modules, the terms of analog models are "source" and "irrigation", "voltage" and "current". There are two very important components besides programming equipment and man-machine interface PLC: programming equipment and man-machine interface (HMI). The programming device can be a desktop computer, a laptop computer or a handheld instrument from the same manufacturer. Some small PLCs even have buttons on the front, which can program very basic logical operations without a computer.

Generally speaking, it is a computer controlled by special users in industrial control, which is the core component in intelligent control. It can execute instructions such as logical operation and sequence control in it, and can control various types of equipment or production lines in industrial control field. At present, machine tools, packaging machinery and automobile industry are the three main markets of PLC.